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WORLD LARGEST TREES

Stunning: The images of the magnificent giant sequoias are featured in the December issue of 
National Geographic

Stunning photographs of 3,200-year-old giant sequoias as high as 

20-story buildings on Sierra Nevada slopes

• Mammoth trees only grow on western slopes of mountain range running through California and Nevada

These are some of the world's largest trees, rising majestically out of the snowy slopes along the Sierra Nevada mountain range. 

Photographer Michael Nichols spent two weeks capturing images of the 'President' - the world's second-biggest tree which is at least 3,200 years old in Sequoia National Park, deep in the southern region.� 

Sequoias only grow on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, a mountain range which runs 400 miles through Nevada and California. Giant sequoias can reach 247-feet - the height of a 20-story building.

Taking on the president: The world's second largest tree, a sequoia dubbed the president, 

on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountain range

Tree of life: Sequoias are particular to the region and can grow as tall as 20-story buildings

Taming a titan: Photographer Michael Nichols spent two weeks capturing

 breathtaking images of the majestic tree

As writer David Quammen, whose article accompanies the photographer's series in 

National Geographic, noted: 'It’s not quite the largest tree on Earth. It’s the second largest.

 

'Recent research by scientist Steve Sillett of Humboldt State University and 

his colleagues has confirmed that the President ranks number two among all big trees that 

have ever been measured—and Sillett’s team has measured quite a few.

It doesn’t stand so tall as the tallest of coast redwoods or of Eucalyptus regnans in Australia, 

but height isn’t everything; it’s far more massive than any coast redwood or eucalypt. 

Iconic: The President is one of the major tourist draws at the Giant Sequoia National Monument which 

covers much of the Sierra Nevada

Immense: The tallest sequoias are so large that it is impossible to look at them in one go

Intrepid: A researcher climbs a sequoia as part of an effort to measure and map the giant trees

'Its dead spire, blasted by lightning, rises to 247 feet. Its four great limbs, each as big as a sizable tree, 

elbow outward from the trunk around halfway up, billowing into a thick crown like a mushroom cloud flattening against the sky.

'Although its trunk isn’t quite so bulky as that of the largest giant, the General Sherman, its crown is fuller

 than the Sherman’s. The President holds nearly two billion leaves.

'Trees grow tall and wide-crowned as a measure of competition with other trees, racing upward, reaching 

outward for sunlight and water. And a tree doesn’t stop getting larger—as a terrestrial mammal does, 

or a bird, their size constrained by gravity—once it’s sexually mature. A tree too is constrained by gravity, but not 

in the same way as a condor or a giraffe. 'It doesn't need to locomote, and it fortifies its structure by continually 

adding more wood. Given the constant imperative of seeking resources from the sky and the soil, and with 

sufficient time, a tree can become huge and then keep growing. Giant sequoias are 

gigantic because they are very, very old.'

Survivors: Many of the most impressive trees were destroyed soon after they were discovered by

 settlers in the 19th century

Gorgeous: The majestic plants are considered one of the greatest natural wonders in the U.S.

The 'rusty red' tree has a footprint as large as a room in an average home, and is so huge that it is almost impossible to look at.

Their giant size allows them to survive disasters which would wipe out many of their woodland competitors - 

they are unaffected by storms, resistant to forest fire and can live even after being struck by lightning.

And the trees never stop growing even when they are hundreds of feet tall - in fact, their rate of growth

 has been found to increase the older they are.

The trunk is constantly widening, while the upper limbs grow stronger even as the trees age.

Steve Sillett and his helpers proved this unexpected finding by climbing up the biggest trees and measuring them more thoroughly than had ever been done before.

The full article is published in the December issue of National Geographic. 

KING OF THE SIERRA NEVADA:

 HOW THE GIANT SEQUOIA IS THE WORLD'S LARGEST PLANT

The giant sequoia - Sequoiadendron giganteum - tends to live for many centuries, enabling it to grow 

larger than any other species of plant.

The trees are naturally found only in a small area of the Sierra Nevada in California, 

nearly all of which is covered by the Giant Sequoia National Monument.

While they have been successfully grown in other areas of North America and around the world, nowhere have 

they been standing long enough to challenge the size records set by the Sierra Nevada giants.

They can live for up to 3,500 years, reaching heights comparable to skyscrapers.

The tallest trees currently standing include the President, the General Sherman and the General Grant, 

all above 240ft - but they are far from the tallest known in history.

Soon after the sequoia was discovered by American settlers in the early 19th century, many of the most 

impressive specimens were cut down and exhibited to gawking crowds.

One of the biggest of them all was known as the Mother of the Forest, which stood in the area from 

668 BC and was discovered by George Gale in 1852.

He stripped the bark of the tree, leading to its swift demise, while a forest fire in 1908 destroyed what was left.

Champion: The General Sherman is the tallest tree in the world still standing, at a staggering 275ft

THE BEST WAY TO ENTER INTO .... HEART...

The Best way to enter into Man's Heart

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The Best way to enter into Woman's Heart

THE BEAUTY OF NATURE I LIKE A LOT.

        Top 10 global chocolate manufacturers

With chocolate being hailed as the best brain food in one of the recent studies, where it links the country's chocolate consumption and the number of Nobel Prize winners that country has created, here’s a list of the top brands that manufacture chocolate.

Source: Candy Industry

Kraft Foods Inc, which recently changed its name to Mondelēz International, so that Kraft Foods focuses on the North American foods business whereas Mondelēz International focuses on the global snacks business, tops the list with a net sales of $19,965 million. Mondelēz International makes Toblerone and Cadbury Dairy Milk

Mars Inc, makers of the famous Mars, Twix and Bounty comes next with a net sales of $16,200 million. Mars operates in six business segments: chocolate, petcare, Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company, Food, Drinks, and Symbioscience.

Nestlé S.A. is a Swiss multinational nutritional and health-related consumer goods company headquartered in Switzerland. It is the largest food company in the world measured by revenues and as of 2011 its net sales stood at $12,808 million. It’s known for Kit Kat and Smarties chocolates and for its brand of Nescafé coffee.

The Ferrero SpA group, best known for their spherical chocolate filled with hazelnuts called the Ferrero Rocher is next with a net sales of $9,612 million. Ferrero SpA is a private company owned by the Ferrero family and has been described as "one of the world's most secretive firms." The group also produces the famour Nutella brand of chocolate spreads.

Perhaps one of the most recognizable brands in chocolate, Hershey’s is next with net sales of $6,112 million. Hershey is one of the oldest chocolate companies in the United States, and reportedly an American icon for its chocolate bar. Hershey's products are sold in about sixty countries worldwide.

Talking about chocolates, Lindt & Sprüngli AG cannot be far behind. The company clocked a net sales of $2,796 million. The group also has eight chocolate cafés in Australia and are planning in the earliest of stages for the first United States chocolate café in Wrentham, MA.

Established in 1903, August Storck KG is a German sweets producer with headquarters in Berlin, with a net sales of $2,205 million.The initial purpose of the company was to manufacture all products by hand and the founder, August Storck, began with three employees, a cooking kettle and a panning kettle. They are the makers of Werther’s Original and Merci.

Turkey’s Yildiz Holding started in 1944, which acquired Godiva Chocolatier, clocked a net sales of $2,095 million. With 54 factories, 9 of which are in foreign countries, Yildiz Holding employs a workforce of 24,400 and produces a range of products including biscuits, chocolate, edible oil, dairy products, cullinary products, baby food and packaging materials.

Japan’s Meiji Co with net sales of $1,791 million is next. Initially established as a dairy company in 1917, became Meiji Co., Ltd.in 2009 with the JV of Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd. and Meiji Dairies Corporation which now sees the food and healthcare businesses. Meiji also owns the United States cookie manufacturer D.F. Stauffer Biscuit Company based in Pennsylvania.

The Arcor Group is an Argentine food company specialized in confectionery, founded on July 5, 1951. The group is the world’s largest producer of candies and the largest exporter of confectionery of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru. It clocked a net sales of $1,716 millio

Wonderfully described definitions...

CIGARETTE: 
A pinch of tobacco rolled in paper with fire at one end and a fool at the other! 

MARRIAGE: 
It's an agreement wherein a man loses his bachelor’s degree & a woman gains her master’s 

LECTURE: 
An art of transmitting Information from the notes of the lecturer to the notes of students without passing through the minds of either 

CONFERENCE: 
The confusion of one man multiplied by the number present 

COMPROMISE: 
The art of dividing a cake in such a way that everybody believes he got the biggest piece 

TEARS: 
The hydraulic force by which masculine will power is defeated by feminine water-power!

 

CONFERENCE ROOM: 
A place where everybody talks, nobody listens and everybody disagrees later on 

ECSTASY: 
A feeling when you feel you are going to feel a feeling you have never felt before 

CLASSIC: 
A book which people praise, but never read 

SMILE: 
A curve that can set a lot of things straight! 

OFFICE: 
A place where you can relax after your strenuous home life 

YAWN: 
The only time when some married men ever get to open their mouth 

EXPERIENCE: 
The name men give to their Mistakes 

DIPLOMAT: 
A person who tells you to go to hell in such a way that you actually look forward to the trip 

OPTIMIST: 
A person who while falling from EIFFEL TOWER says in midway 

"SEE I AM NOT INJURED YET!" 

MISER: 
A person who lives poor so that he can die RICH! 

FATHER: 
A banker provided by nature 

BOSS: 
Someone who is early when you are late and late when you are early 

POLITICIAN: 
One who shakes your hand before elections and your Confidence Later 
DOCTOR: 
A person who kills your ills by pills, and kills you by his bills!

<>_<>WORDS CAN CREATE PICTURES.... ...<>_<>

Peace ------   War

Threat ------   Pretext

Tirany(It must be tyranny, but its acceptable) ------ Freedom

Dead ----- Alive